Abstract: Field experiments were conducted at 16 site-years across the different soil-climatic zones of the Canadian prairies. At each site-year, the cultivar InVigor® 5440, a glufosinate-resistant hybrid, was sown at 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20 plants per square meter with uniform and non-uniform stands. We found that spatially uniform stands increased seed yield by up to 32 % at low-yielding sites and by up to 20 % at the high-yielding sites compared to non-uniform plant stands. This effect is mainly due to increased number of fertile pods. The yield increase was more pronounced with plant densities lower than 60 plants per square meter. 

http://beyondagronomy.com//cmsFiles/documents/document542599566e4dd.pdf